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Uvodnik: Za kolektivno študijo v času izrednih razmer

 

Mnogim se to upanje gotovo zdi naivno ali celo nemogoče. A kljub temu se ga moramo nekateri med nami divje oklepati in verjeti, da današnje strukture ne bodo trajale večno. Za to pa potrebujemo naše pesnike in sanjače, nebrzdane norčke, takšne, ki se znajo organizirati.

–Judith Butler, 13. oktober 20231

Po 7. oktobru sta se v evropskih javnih prostorih razmahnili cenzura in samocenzura – z njima so se okužile institucije in ponotranjili so jo kulturni producenti. Nepripravljenost zahodnih držav in medijev na uporabo besed, ki jih vodilne svetovne organizacije za človekove pravice uporabljajo za poimenovanje več desetletij trajajoče okupacije in apartheida ter genocida nad palestinskim ljudstvom, ki se odvija pred našimi očmi, prežema tudi kulturno sfero. Sporno je celo izražanje obžalovanja, jeze in žalosti zaradi ubijanja v Palestini in Izraelu, podpore pa ni deležen niti osnovni humanitarni poziv k trajnemu premirju. Evropski politični in javni akterji zato omejujejo svobodo izražanja, namesto da bi bili posredniki v pogovorih med različnimi mnenji.

Cenzura in povečano nasprotovanje govoru kažeta na to, kako na javne sfere in znotraj njih deluje interpelacija, pri kateri državljani ponotranjijo ideološka stališča državnih in medijskih infrastruktur in jih artikulirajo kot svoja lastna. S krepitvijo te interpelacije in zreduciranjem akterjev na pasivne in ne razmišljujoče subjekte je ogrožena zmožnost, da se javne sfere vzpostavljajo in spreminjajo z diskurzom in razpravo. Hkrati je postala vprašljiva globalna vloga Evrope, ki ni uspela zavzeti nobenega konstruktivnega ali vsaj smiselnega stališča, temveč je bodisi izkazovala svoje temeljno strinjanje z dehumanizacijo bodisi se je aktivno postavila na stran kolonialne nadvlade. Mednarodna zavezništva in odnosi – vključno s tistimi v naši mreži muzejev, univerz in umetniških organizacij – se ponovno soočajo s tem, kako njihove strukture prečijo iz več smeri porajajoče se sledi kolonialnosti in imperialnega nasilja.

Vsi smo tukaj – čeprav se nas vse skupaj dotika na različne načine in v različni meri. Mi, uredniki konfederacije L'Internationale Online, nočemo, ali pa ne moremo, pisati z glasom institucije, bodisi prevzetim ali vsiljenim. Ta glas, ne glede na to, kje se nahaja, je tuj. Vendar pa pišemo, da bi med specifičnimi, situacijskimi in generacijskimi izkušnjami vsaj poskusili najti nek skupni izraz, da bi mobilizirali kritične glasove ter delovali in razmišljali kolektivno, onkraj vladne in medijske interpelacije.

Zahteve palestinskih osvobodilnih gibanj na področju kulture so jasne. Če jih naše institucije ne morejo izpolniti, moramo priznati napake in omejitve naših prostorov, ne glede na to, kako vpeti so v širše politične mehanizme. Prva naloga za platformo, kot je L'Internationale Online, je torej izrekanje, govorjenje, uporaba subjektivitet in umeščenih znanj – naših lastnih in tistih drugih. Z gradivom, ki ga nameravamo objaviti v prihodnjih tednih in mesecih, ne bomo mogli v zadostni meri odgovoriti na obseg vsakodnevnih tragedij, izkrivljenosti razprav, zgodovinskih pomenov pričevanja in govorjenja o genocidu. Vseeno pa besedila, filmi in zvoki ponujajo možnost, da presežemo institucionalna stališča in prispevamo k nenehnemu spreminjanju javnih sfer in kritičnih diskurzov.

Poleg tega je po našem mnenju dolgoročna naloga kulturne sfere preoblikovanje besednjakov, ki služijo kot ogrodje za retorične okvire in politična stališča na posameznih umetniških področjih, da bi tako presegli zlorabo in vsiljeno zapiranje jezika. Vsi tovrstni poskusi tega bodo morali pritegniti širok krog ljudi, s čimer bi nastala ljudska fronta, ki bi lahko s svojim pristopom, pozornostjo in prizadevanji privedla do takšnih sprememb, pri čemer se je treba zavedati, da lahko takšne poteze vodijo tudi v krhko, burno fazo vmesnosti.

V skladu s pozivom Donne Haraway, da »misliti moramo; moramo misliti« – kot odzivom na Denkverbot ter zapiranje diskurzivnih prostorov in praks – ter s pozivom Freda Motena h »kolektivni študiji« se podajamo na različne raziskovalne poti, da bi se spopadli s spreminjajočimi se temelji in registri sedanje konjunkture. Med temi številnimi trajektorijami se bomo za analizo trenutnega primera izraelskega naselitvenega kolonializma ter njegovih vojaških in zapornih režimov naslonili na feministično dekolonialno teorijo in prakso. Skušali bomo opozoriti na asimetrijo v razmerjih moči in instrumentalizacijo retoričnih okvirov, na njihov izvor in na njihove posledice v evropskem kontekstu. Ovidiu Tichindeleanu pa bo v svojem prihodnjem članku orisal represijo v evropskih javnih sferah ter njeno povezanost z imperialnimi zgodovinami. V znak solidarnosti bomo objavljali dela umetnikov, pesnikov, glasbenikov in filmskih ustvarjalcev, ki presegajo meje jezika, da bi premislili sedanjost ter njene neštete implikacije in modulacije. Objave na tem mestu bodo nujno delne in nepopolne. Niso mišljene kot deklaracija, niti kot odgovor. Če parafraziramo Audre Lorde, jih razumemo kot vajo v iskanju besed, ki jih nimamo.

Judith Butler, 'The Compass of Mourning', London Review of Books 45, št. 20, 19. oktober 2023, dostopno na lrb.co.uk (zadnjič obiskano 28. novembra 2023).

Stališča in mnenja, objavljena v tej rubriki, odražajo načela akademske svobode in ne odražajo nujno stališč konfederacije L'Internationale in njenih članov.

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